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Foundations · Statutory defense

Fair Use

A U.S. statutory defence allowing limited unlicensed use of copyrighted work for purposes like criticism, commentary, news, teaching, scholarship, and research.

Four-factor test: purpose, nature, amount, market effect.

Transformative use weighs heavily in favour of fair use.

Fair use is a defence, NOT a permission — only a court can confirm.

External references

Key sources & agencies

U.S. Copyright Office

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Stanford Fair Use Center

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